![]() ![]() We see that the cylinder is now on its side, rotated 90 degrees around the x axis. Then we move the "!" to the other side of the "rotate()". This is the untransformed primitive solid constructed by the "cylinder(r=cyl_r, h=cyl_h, center=true)". When the "!" is in front of the solid at the end of the second line we have the same solid as the first line. Preview images are created faster than F6 Compile images. After you place the "!" at a location in the code, use the F5 key to regenerate the preview image. Download the Transformations.scad file and we will play around with the "!" modifier. The root modifier "!" shows you the solid at the point in the code at which you place it. This concept is easy to show with a very useful OpenSCAD modifier character, "!" the root modifier. The solid moves from the end of the line toward the front of the line. The solid moves into the back side of the transformation and comes out the front side transformed, then that transformed solid moves into the back end of the next transformation toward the front the the line. The first transformation applied to a primitive solid is the one just in front of it. They are not commutative, order is important. The most important thing in understanding the OpenSCAD tree syntax is being able to see the order in which the transformations and combinations happen. Ultimately it ends up at the root and is the complex solid being "constructed". Along the way, a solid gets transformed, combined into a new solid and that solid is perhaps transformed again and combined again. It is moving along a branch of the tree toward the root. I like to visualize the solid moving from the end of the line toward the front of the line. As stated, the primitive solid is created at the end of the line just before the semicolon. Now the key concept about how transformations fit into the syntax of OpenSCAD. One solid is transformed, two or more solids are combined. It will become clearer when we discuss combinations.įor my definition transformations are operations done to a single solid. Keep this in mind when studying the transformations. Syntactically and logically they are combinations. the Hull and the Minkowski are not transformations. You can learn about the others in the manual page at. Rotation and translation will be the two most commonly used transformations. Transformation1(Parmeters1) Transformation(Parameters) Solid(ParametersSolid) Transformations have the following form and basic syntax:Įtc. Rotation is one of many transformations in OpenSCAD. When we start analyzing the code for the CSG solid, we will see that two of the cylinders are rotated. But in general, the primitive solids are created at the origin and need to be transformed to another orientation. It determines the solid's relationship to the origin. It is the "center = (true/false)" parameter. Yes, there is a parameter in OpenSCAD that allows solids to be created with different orientations. It shows the cylinders being created in different orientations. The Wikipedia image from the CSG definition is a little inaccurate. ![]()
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